%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%      Added by Luc Bouge, Jan 23, 1996, 
%%      to overcome the undefinedness of \Box
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\@ifundefined{Box}{\input amsfonts.sty}{\relax}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage{latexsym}

\setlength{\textwidth}{5in}
\setlength{\textheight}{8in}

\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-62pt}
\addtolength{\topmargin}{-62pt}

\def\tenbf{\reset@font\normalsize\bf}
\def\tenit{\reset@font\normalsize\it}
\def\tenrm{\reset@font\normalsize\rm}
\def\ninerm{\reset@font\small\rm}
\def\ninebf{\reset@font\small\bf}
\def\nineit{\reset@font\small\it}
\def\eightrm{\reset@font\footnotesize\rm}
\def\eightbf{\reset@font\footnotesize\bf}
\def\eightmath{\footnotesize}
\def\eightit{\reset@font\footnotesize\it}
\def\sevenrm{\reset@font\scriptsize\rm}

\newcommand{\symbolfootnote}{\setcounter{footnote}{0}
  \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}}

\newcommand{\alphfootnote}{\setcounter{footnote}{0}
  \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\alph{footnote}}}

%% ----------------------------- new defined section commands

\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-12pt plus -.2pt minus
    -.2ex}{6pt plus 1pt}{\reset@font\normalsize\bf}}

\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-12pt plus -.2pt
    minus -.2ex}{6pt plus 1pt}{\reset@font\normalsize\it}}

\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-12pt plus
    -.2pt minus -.2ex}{6pt plus 1pt}{\reset@font\normalsize\rm}}

\def\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex plus1ex
     minus.2ex}{-1em}{\reset@font \normalsize\bf}}

\def\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{4}{\parindent}{3.25ex
     plus1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\reset@font\normalsize\bf}}

\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}

\def\nonumsection{\section*}

%% --------------------------------------------------------------------

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
%% or \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[sectionc] which has section number
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
%% or use \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[sectionc]
\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}
\newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}
%% users can add on their own new theorem-like environments.


\newcommand{\proof}[1]{\paragraph{Proof.} #1~$\Box$}


%%%% following three commands are for 'list' command.

\topsep=0in
\parsep=0in
\itemsep=0in

\parindent=15pt

\newcommand{\cgatitle}[1]{{\tenbf #1}}
\newcommand{\authorfont}{\eightrm}
\newcommand{\addressfont}{\eightit}

\newcommand{\textlineskip}{\baselineskip=13pt}
\newcommand{\smalllineskip}{\baselineskip=10pt}
\newcommand{\footnoteblock}[1]{\footnote{\noindent \smalllineskip \eightrm #1}}

\newcommand{\copyrightheading}{
{\reset@font\small
\begin{tabbing}
Parallel Processing Letters\\
$\copyright$\, World Scientific Publishing Company\\
\end{tabbing}}
}

% new macro (added on May 6, 1991) for publisher information section

\newcommand{\publisher}[3]{
  {\reset@font\small
\begin{tabbing}
  Received #1\\
  Revised #2\\
  Communicated by (Name of Editor)#3\\
\end{tabbing}
  }
}

%%% marco for abstract block

\def\abstractname{ABSTRACT}
\def\keywordsname{Keywords}

\newcommand{\abstractblock}[2]{
{\reset@font\small
\begin{center}%
{\it\abstractname\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{\z@}}%
\end{center}%
\vspace{6pt}
\begin{quotation}
\rm #1
\par
\vspace{12pt}
\noindent 
{\it \keywordsname:} \rm #2 
\end{quotation}
}}

        
%%% new macro for bibliography
\newcommand{\bibit}{\nineit}
\newcommand{\bibbf}{\ninebf}
\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
 { \ninerm
    \def\newblock{}
   \begin{list}{\arabic{enumi}.}
    {\usecounter{enumi} \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\itemsep}{3pt} \settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1.}
     \sloppy
    }}{\end{list}}

\newcounter{itemlistc}
\newcounter{romanlistc}
\newcounter{alphlistc}
\newcounter{arabiclistc}

\newenvironment{itemlist}
    {   \setcounter{itemlistc}{0}
        \begin{list}{$\bullet$}
        {\usecounter{itemlistc}
         \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
         \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }

\newenvironment{romanlist}
    {   \setcounter{romanlistc}{0}
        \begin{list}{(\roman{romanlistc})}
        {\usecounter{romanlistc}
         \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
         \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }

\newenvironment{alphlist}
    {   \setcounter{alphlistc}{0}
        \begin{list}{(\alph{alphlistc})}
        {\usecounter{alphlistc}
         \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
         \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }

\newenvironment{arabiclist}
    {   \setcounter{arabiclistc}{0}
        \begin{list}{\arabic{arabiclistc}}
        {\usecounter{arabiclistc}
         \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
         \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }


\def\figurename{Fig.}
\def\tablename{Table}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
   \vskip 10\p@
   \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{\eightrm #1: #2}%
   \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
       {\eightrm #1: #2}\par
     \else
       \hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
   \fi}




\def\fcaption{\caption}
\def\tcaption{\caption}


\newcommand{\capit}{\eightit}


%
%    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: this portion is from John Hershberger
%
\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
  \def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,}\@ifundefined
       {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
     {\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}

\newif\if@cghi
\def\cite{\@cghitrue\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue
    \@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}
\def\citelow{\@cghifalse\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue
    \@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}

\def\@cite#1#2{{[#1]\if@tempswa\typeout
        {IJCGA warning: optional citation argument ignored: `#2'} \fi}}
%%
\newcommand{\citeup}{\cite}